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It is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of advanced or metastatic melanoma (a type of skin cancer) that have a specific genetic mutation called BRAF V600E or V600K. Dabrafenib works by targeting and inhibiting the activity of mutated BRAF proteins, which are involved in promoting the growth and spread of cancer cells. By blocking the activity of these proteins, dabrafenib helps to slow down or shrink the tumor growth in patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma.